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"This is a huge quantum system that we call the quantum state of the graviton field and this state contains all the information that ever went into the black hole."Ĭalmet told Newsweek that, in theory, it is possible for an outside observer to piece together information about what has fallen into a black hole by studying these black hole 'hairs'-though practically this would be "as hopeless as trying to reconstruct a piece of coal after it has been burnt." "We are showing that Hawking radiation and space-time geometry are entangled," Calmet said. However, Calmet and colleagues think that, actually, black holes do give away more information than previously thought.Īccording to their calculations, objects falling into a black hole leave imprints on the black hole's gravitational field that, in theory, preserve at least some of those objects' information. This is in contrast to what's called the "no-hair theorem," which states that only three things can be known about a black hole by looking at it from the outside: its mass, its electric charge, and its angular momentum. In essence, the study shows that black holes have external features-the researchers call these features "hair"-that allows outside observers to tell what's going on inside the black hole. On Thursday, Calmet and other scientists from Italy and the U.S. This problem is known as the black hole information paradox.
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"It should be possible to rewind the movie and watch it backwards! Is general relativity wrong? Is quantum mechanics wrong?" who led a new study into the issue, told Newsweek. This would be a huge problem for quantum mechanics: a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics is that any process in physics can be mathematically reversed," Professor Xavier Calmet, professor of physics at the University of Sussex in the U.K. "Information thrown into the black hole will vanish as radiation is thermal and does not contain any information. According to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, if an observer knows the current state of any system, then they can know everything about its past and future. Quantum mechanics states that information can never be destroyed. The problem is that this should not be possible according to quantum mechanics-the rules of physics that govern how the universe works at its most fundamental level. In other words, when a black hole eventually dies, all of the information about the things it gobbled up in its lifetime disappears forever. Supermassive Black Hole is Blowing Bubbles at the Heart of the Milky WayĬrucially, scientists' calculations showed that Hawking radiation cannot reveal anything about what is inside the black hole.Wormholes Could Explain What Happens to Matter Swallowed by Black Holes.Stunning Image Shows Star Exploding in Powerful Death by Supernova.